Introduction

Ever since the Covid 19 arrived, every problem related to the ear, nose tongue has been confused. A cough and cold are the initial stages of either of the problems. Sinus or sinus infection is one such problem commonly ignored in the name of cough and cold. 

For instance, 134 million people in India suffer from sinus infections. The number may be due to unawareness or confusion about the disorder. Read below if you are confused with Sinus and could cough or other similar problems. 

What is Sinus?

Sinus is a common issue that affects millions of people around the world. It is an inflammation of the nasal passages and sinuses, hollow cavities in the facial area that allow air and drain mucus. 

Sinus infection, also known as sinusitis and is caused due to allergies, structural problems, viral infections, viral fever.

Allergies: Allergies to pollen, dust, and mold can cause inflammation that leads to sinus infections.

Viral Infections: Viruses like the common cold and influenza can also cause sinus infections. 

Bacterial Infections: Bacteria, such as streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza, and Moraxella catarrhalis, are the most common cause of sinus infections. 

Immune System Deficiencies: People with weakened immune systems (such as HIV, cancer, or diabetes) are more likely to develop sinus infections. 

 Structural Abnormalities: Deviated septum, nasal polyps, and other structural abnormalities can block the sinus cavities and prevent them from draining properly, causing infections. 

Climate: Extremely dry or humid climates can cause sinus infections. People now used to extreme weather may have difficulty breathing, resulting in a sinus infection.

Symptoms of Sinus

• Nasal congestion 
• Bad breath 
• Fatigue 
• Fever 
• Cough 
• Sinus headache
• Postnasal drip 
• Nasal Polyps
• Thick nasal discharge 
• Pain in the teeth or jaw 
• Reduced sense of smell or taste
• Facial tenderness or pressure 

How is a sinus infection different from the common cold?

Sinus infection is often confused with the common cold, but these two conditions differ.

 | Sinus | Common Cold
| - An sinus inflammation of the sinuses causes a sinus infection. It is the hollow cavities in the bones around the nose.  | - The common cold disease affects the upper respiratory tract due to the viral infection that primarily affects the nose.
| - Rhinoviruses, influenza viruses, and parainfluenza viruses are common virus-causing sinus infections. Sinus may last for several weeks.  | - Common cold is generally caused due to rhinoviruses virus and is short-lived.
| - Sinus infection symptoms are more severe and include watery eyes, headaches, facial pain, and pressure in the sinuses.  | - Common cold symptoms include sneezing, runny nose, sore throat, and headache.
| - Congestion caused by sinus infection is not relieved by decongestant medications. | - It can be relieved in the common cold.

Common remedies for Sinus

Medicines are often the first choice for treating sinus infection, but it is not the best solution for long-term relief. Treatment of Sinus can include over-the-counter medications, decongestants, nasal sprays, and home remedies. Here are some of the ways to get over Sinus:

• Steam inhalation is a great practice that can help relieve sinus infection symptoms. It helps in loosening the mucus and unblocking the clogged nasal passages. 
• Taking steps to reduce inflammation and irritation in the nasal passages and sinuses can also help reduce the symptoms of Sinuses.
• Medications or nasal sprays must be used only per the doctor's prescription. Several home remedies can be used to help in treating sinus infections.
• Allergy medications, such as antihistamines, may also be prescribed to reduce allergy symptoms. 
• In some cases, antibiotics may be necessary to treat the underlying infection.
• A warm compress over the nose and eyes can help relieve the pain and pressure. 
• Drinking lots of fluids helps thin the mucus, while humidifiers can help reduce congestion.
• Apple cider vinegar can also treat sinus infections, as it helps break down mucus and reduce inflammation. 
• Herbal remedies such as Echinacea, goldenseal, and chamomile can also treat sinus infections. These herbs have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties and help reduce sinus infection symptoms. 
• Certain essential oils, such as tea tree oil, peppermint oil, and eucalyptus oil, can reduce the sinuses' swelling and inflammation. 
• Surgery may be recommended for those with chronic sinusitis to improve drainage and reduce the frequency of sinus infections. 
• The most important thing to do to treat and prevent Sinuses is to avoid the triggers that can cause it, such as allergies, dust, and certain foods. 

In addition, taking proper rest and avoiding cold and dry air can help speed up recovery. A proper clinical examination is recommended if the symptoms are prolonged or recurring.

What are nasal polyps?

Nasal polyps are similar to sinus infections and sometimes can be a cause of it as well. Nasal polyps are soft, lining growths on the nasal passages or sinuses. They are typically caused by chronic inflammation due to allergies, asthma, or infections. Nasal Polyps are commonly identified with congestion, difficulty breathing, and a decreased sense of smell and taste. In some cases, they can cause recurrent sinus infections. Treatment usually involves medications or surgery.

Conclusion

Sinus infection can be cured with proper treatment and care. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor if the symptoms are prolonged or recurring. Although the symptoms might remain mild, if it stays for more than two weeks, you must visit Medanta for the best-specialized treatment for Sinus infection.