Understanding Nasal Polyps: A Guide by Dr. KK Handa

What are Nasal Polyps?

These are growths that develop in the nasal cavity. These soft, painless, noncancerous growths hang down like teardrops or grapes. While they might sound alarming, Dr. Handa reassures us that “nasal polyps per se is a benign condition.” However, their presence can lead to uncomfortable symptoms and potential complications if left untreated.

Symptoms of Nasal Polyps: Nasal Blockage and More

The primary symptom that patients with nasal polyps experience is nasal blockage. This obstruction can significantly impact your quality of life, making it difficult to breathe through your nose. Dr. Handa explains, “The patient will present with nasal blockage.”

In addition to nasal congestion, people with nasal polyps may also experience:

• Nasal discharge

• Sneezing

• Associated allergies

These symptoms can vary in severity, but persistent nasal blockage should prompt you to seek medical attention.

The Link Between Allergies and Nasal Polyps

One of the key insights Dr. Handa shares is the connection between allergies and nasal polyps. He states, “Allergy is directly or indirectly associated with nasal polyps.” This link also extends to environmental factors, with Dr Handa noting, “Pollution causes nasal allergy.”

To decrease your likelihood of getting nasal polyps or to manage existing ones, Dr Handa advises avoiding common allergy triggers:

• Dust

• Sudden changes in temperature

• Direct air conditioning

• Kitchen frying odours

• Perfumes

Minimising exposure to these triggers can reduce your risk of developing nasal polyps or exacerbating existing ones.

Treatment Options for Nasal Polyps

The good news is that nasal polyps can often be treated without surgery, especially when caught early. Dr. Handa outlines the initial treatment approach:

• Anti-allergy medicines

• Topical steroidal sprays

• Sometimes, oral steroids

These non-surgical treatment modalities can effectively manage nasal polyps and alleviate symptoms. However, Dr. Handa cautions, “If they are very extensive and do not respond to medical treatment, then we go for surgery.”

Potential Complications of Untreated Nasal Polyps

Leaving nasal polyps untreated can lead to persistent nasal blockage, significantly impacting your quality of life. Dr. Handa emphasises, “You can imagine how bad it will be to stay with a blocked nose.”

Moreover, untreated nasal polyps may increase the risk of developing fungal infections. Dr. Handa mentions a specific concern: “Some of them may develop fungus, which is often associated with polyps, a particular type of fungal infection called allergic fungal sinusitis."

When to Consult an ENT Specialist for Nasal Polyps

Given the potential for complications and the impact on quality of life, Dr. Handa advises, “Get yourself examined by an ENT surgeon, especially if you have symptoms of nasal blockage, so that you can diagnose these polyps early.”

Early diagnosis is one of the most important aspects for effective management and to prevent the need for more invasive treatments. If you’re experiencing persistent nasal congestion or other symptoms mentioned above, don’t hesitate to consult an ENT specialist.

Advanced Treatments for Removing Nasal Polyps

When surgery is necessary, modern techniques offer precise and effective solutions. Dr Handa describes an advanced method: “We remove these polyps endoscopically with a soft tissue shaver, also called a debrided.”

This endoscopic approach offers several advantages:

• Magnified view of the nasal cavity

• High-quality camera imaging

• Simultaneous cutting and suctioning of polyps

This technique allows for more accurate removal of polyps while minimising damage to surrounding healthy tissue.

Conclusion

Nasal polyps, while benign, can significantly impact your quality of life if left untreated. You can effectively manage this condition by understanding its causes, identifying the symptoms, and seeking early medical attention. If you are experiencing persistent nasal blockage or other nasal symptoms, consult an ENT specialist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

FAQs

What are nasal polyps, and what causes nasal polyps?

Nasal polyps are benign, soft, painless overgrowths in the nasal passages or sinuses. They develop due to chronic inflammation from conditions like allergies, asthma, sinus infections, or sudden temperature changes.

What are the symptoms of nasal polyps?

Common symptoms include: 

• Stuffy or blocked nose

• Facial pressure or pain

• Runny nose

• Sneezing

• Reduced sense of smell

What are the different treatment modalities for nasal polyps?

The following are commonly used treatment approaches for nasal polyps:

• Anti-allergy medications

• Nasal corticosteroid sprays or oral or injectable steroids

• Saline nasal irrigation

•  Endoscopic sinus surgery to remove large or persistent polyps

Can nasal polyps grow back after surgical removal?

Yes, nasal polyps can regrow after surgery, particularly if the underlying cause remains untreated, such as chronic sinus inflammation or allergies. Long-term management with medications, nasal sprays, or biologic therapy helps minimise recurrence and control symptoms effectively.

This blog has been converted from the Youtube video- Everything to Know About Nasal Polyps | Dr. K. K. Handa | Medanta Gurugram