Respiratory & Sleep Medicine



Asthma: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and constriction of the airways. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Management centers on bronchodilator inhalers and anti-inflammatory medications. Patients also learn to identify and manage triggers, like allergens or irritants, to control symptoms and improve their quality of life.

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): COPD is an umbrella term covering conditions like chronic bronchitis and emphysema, primarily caused by cigarette smoking. It results in progressive airflow limitation, leading to symptoms such as chronic cough, increased mucus production, and breathlessness. Management involves smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, and medications like bronchodilators and corticosteroids.

Pneumonias: Pneumonia refers to lung infections that can be bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic. Common symptoms include fever, productive cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve antibiotics for bacterial infections, antivirals for viral cases, or supportive care for mild cases. Severe pneumonia may necessitate hospitalization and oxygen therapy. Vaccination and good hygiene practices can help prevent many pneumonia cases.